Background of the Study
Campus navigation is an essential aspect of ensuring that students, faculty, and visitors can efficiently access educational facilities. At Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, Kaduna State, traditional signage systems are increasingly inadequate in addressing the complex layouts of modern university campuses. Augmented Reality (AR)-based signage offers an innovative solution by overlaying digital directions and interactive wayfinding cues onto the physical environment. This technology enhances the user experience by providing real-time, context-specific information that simplifies navigation (Lawal, 2023). AR-based signage integrates digital maps, location-based services, and real-time updates to guide users through complex campus environments. Such systems can be accessed via smartphones or AR glasses, making them highly versatile and user-friendly. The implementation of AR signage is expected to reduce time spent on navigation, alleviate congestion in key areas, and improve overall campus safety by clearly marking emergency exits and facilities (Ahmed, 2024). In addition, AR systems facilitate interactive campus tours and personalized navigation paths, which are particularly beneficial for new students and visitors. The study explores the optimization of AR-based signage to ensure that it meets the diverse needs of the campus community, taking into account usability, accessibility, and system scalability. By evaluating user interactions and system performance, the research aims to identify the best practices for deploying AR signage in educational settings, thereby contributing to improved campus management and user satisfaction (Ogunleye, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
Navigating large and complex university campuses such as Ahmadu Bello University poses significant challenges due to confusing layouts and inadequate traditional signage. Many students and visitors struggle to locate essential facilities, resulting in lost time, increased stress, and potential safety hazards. Conventional static signage lacks the dynamic and interactive features needed to adapt to changing campus conditions and user needs. Moreover, the absence of real-time directional updates means that users cannot rely on the signage during emergencies or high-traffic periods (Balogun, 2023). Although augmented reality offers a promising alternative by providing digital, context-aware navigation cues, its current implementation is often suboptimal. Challenges include limited accuracy of location-based services, low user engagement with the technology, and technical issues such as battery drain and device compatibility. These shortcomings hinder the overall effectiveness of AR-based navigation systems in enhancing campus mobility. This study aims to address these issues by optimizing AR-based signage for campus navigation at Ahmadu Bello University. It will evaluate the system’s performance in terms of usability, accuracy, and user satisfaction, and identify the barriers to its widespread adoption. The research will also propose solutions to overcome technical limitations and enhance the integration of AR technology with existing campus infrastructure (Umar, 2024). By providing a detailed analysis of user interactions and system performance, the study seeks to develop a robust model for AR-based navigation that can be replicated in similar academic institutions.
Objectives of the Study:
To optimize the design and functionality of AR-based signage for campus navigation.
To evaluate the system’s effectiveness in improving wayfinding and reducing navigation time.
To identify and address technical and usability challenges in AR implementation.
Research Questions:
How does AR-based signage improve navigation efficiency on campus?
What are the key technical challenges affecting the performance of AR navigation systems?
How do users perceive the effectiveness and usability of AR-based signage in campus settings?
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it explores the potential of augmented reality to revolutionize campus navigation. By optimizing AR-based signage, the research aims to enhance user experience, reduce navigation time, and improve campus safety at Ahmadu Bello University. The findings will offer practical recommendations for educational institutions looking to adopt AR technology for wayfinding, thereby contributing to more efficient campus management (Afolabi, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
The study is limited to the optimization of AR-based signage for campus navigation at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State. It does not extend to other navigational aids or campuses outside the institution.
Definitions of Terms:
Augmented Reality (AR): A technology that overlays digital information onto the real world to enhance user perception.
Signage: Visual displays designed to guide and inform users about directions and facilities.
Campus Navigation: The process of finding one's way within a university or similar large facility.
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